Biography of Alice Creator, Lewis Carroll

Account of Alice Creator, Lewis Carroll Conceived in 1832, Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, better known by his pseudonym Lewis Carroll, was the oldest kid of 11 youngsters. Brought up in Daresbury, Cheshire, England, he was known for composing and messing around, even as a youngster. An energetic narrator, Carroll delighted in making stories for youngsters, and proceeded to distribute two prominent books: â€Å"Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland† and â€Å"Through the Looking Glass.† notwithstanding his profession as an author, Carroll was additionally known for being a mathematician and philosopher, just as an Anglican minister and a picture taker. He died in Guildford, England on January 14, 1898, only half a month prior to his 66th birthday celebration. Early Life Carroll was the oldest kid of 11 youngsters (the third kid) destined to his folks on January 27, 1832. His dad, Rev. Charles Dodgson, was a priest, having filled in as ceaseless clergyman at the old parsonage at Daresbury, where Carroll was conceived. Fire up. Dodgson proceeded to turn into the minister of Croft in Yorkshire, and in spite of his obligations, consistently discovered opportunity to guide the kids in their school considers and ingrain in them ethics and qualities. Carroll’s mother was Frances Jane Lutwidge, who was known for being patient and kind with the youngsters. The couple brought their kids up in a little segregated town, where the youngsters discovered sufficient approaches to divert themselves consistently. Carroll, specifically, was known for concocting inventive games for the kids to play, and in the long run began composing stories and forming verse. At the point when the family moved to Croft after Rev. Dodgson was offered a bigger ward, Carroll, who was 12 years of age at that point, began creating â€Å"Rectory Magazines.† These distributions were collective pieces inside the family, and everybody was relied upon to contribute. Today, there are a couple of enduring family magazines, some of which are transcribed via Carroll and incorporate his own outlines. As a kid, Carroll was not just known for composing and narrating, he was additionally known to have an inclination for arithmetic and old style contemplates. He got grants for his science work during his time at Rugby School, which he went to after his years at Richmond School in Yorkshire. It is said that Carroll was harassed as an understudy and didn’t love his school days. He apparently stammered as a youngster and never grew out of the discourse obstruction, and furthermore experienced having a hard of hearing ear, the aftereffect of an extreme fever. As a young person, he encountered a serious occasion of challenging hack. Be that as it may, his wellbeing and individual battles in school never appeared to influence his scholastics studies or expert interests. Indeed, Carroll later proceeded to enlist at Christ Church College in Oxford in 1851 in the wake of getting a grant (known as a studentship at the school). He earned his degree in science in 1854 and turned into a speaker of arithmetic at the school, which was much the same as filling in as a mentor. This position implied that Carroll was to take sacred requests from the Anglican Church and to never wed, two necessities that he settled upon. He turned into an elder in 1861. The arrangement was for Carroll to turn into a cleric, so, all in all he could have hitched. In any case, he concluded that ward work was not the right road for him and stayed a lone wolf as long as he can remember. A long time later, beginning in the mid 1880s, Carroll filled in as his college’s Curator of its Common Room. His opportunity at Oxford accompanied a little pay and a chance to lead research in science and rationale. Carroll was additionally managed the advantage of seeking after his energy for writing, sythesis, and photography. Photography Career Carroll’s enthusiasm for photography started in 1856 and he discovered extraordinary euphoria in shooting individuals, especially kids and remarkable figures in the public arena. Among those that he captured included English Poet Alfred Lord Tennyson. At that point, photography was a mind boggling practice that necessary solid specialized skill, just as incredible persistence and comprehension of the procedure. Accordingly, it’s nothing unexpected that the specialty carried a lot of pleasure to Carroll, who delighted in over two many years of training in the medium. His work included building up his own studio and storing up an assortment of photos that is accounted for to have once included around 3,000 pictures, however it creates the impression that solitary a small amount of his work has made due throughout the years. Carroll was known to have gone with his rigging, taking photographs of people and sparing them in a collection, which was his picked strategy for exhibiting his work. He gathered signatures from the people he shot and set aside the effort to give them how their pictures would be utilized inside the collection. His photography was just shown openly once, displayed in an expert presentation supported by the Photographic Society of London in 1858. Carroll surrendered his act of photography in 1880; some state that the cutting edge improvements of the fine art made it too simple to even think about creating a picture, and Carroll lost intrigue. Composing Career The mid-1850s were likewise a period of improvement for Carroll’s composing vocation. He started making a number out of numerical messages as well as silly works. He received his nom de plume Lewis Carroll in 1856, which was made when he deciphered his first and center names into Latin, changing their request for appearance, and afterward making an interpretation of them back to English. While he kept on distributing his scientific work under his given name of Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, his other composing showed up under this new nom de plume. That year that Carroll accepted his new pen name, additionally met a four-year-old young lady named Alice Liddle, the little girl of the head of Christ Church. Alice and her sisters gave a lot of motivation to Carroll, who might make creative stories to let them know. One of those accounts was the reason for his most well known novel, wherein he depicted the undertakings of a little youngster named Alice who fell into a hare opening. Alice Liddle requested that Carroll transform his verbal story into a composed work, which was at first named, â€Å"Alice’s Adventures Underground.† After a few corrections, Carroll distributed the story in 1865 as the now well known title of, â€Å"Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland.† The tale was delineated by John Tenniel. The accomplishment of the book urged Carroll to compose a continuation, â€Å"Through the Looking Glass and What Alice Found There,† which was distributed in 1872. This subsequent novel drew from a significant number of the narratives the tales that Carroll had composed years sooner, and included huge numbers of his celebrated Wonderland characters, including Tweedledee and Tweedledum, the White Knight, and Humpty Dumpty. The epic likewise incorporated a well known sonnet named, â€Å"Jabberwocky† about a legendary beast. The illogical bit of composing has since quite a while ago baffled perusers and gave plentiful chances to investigation and understanding from researchers. Well known expressions from Lewis Carroll While numerous children’s books of the occasions were composed with the objective of sharing good exercises for youngsters, Carroll’s work was purportedly composed only for diversion purposes. Some state that Carroll’s composing incorporates concealed implications and messages about religion and legislative issues, however most reports bolster the idea that Carroll’s books did nothing of the sort. They were simply engaging books that were delighted in by youngsters and grown-ups the same, especially with their unreasonable characters and events and the savvy manners by which Alice reacted to the different circumstances she experienced. â€Å"Everything’s got a good, if no one but you can discover it.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Contrariwise, on the off chance that it was thus, it may be; and in the event that it were in this way, it would be; however as it isn’t, it ain’t. That’s logic.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"She for the most part offered herself excellent guidance (however she only here and there followed it.)† Passing His later years were taken up with science and rationale ventures, just as outings to the theater. Just half a month prior to his 66th birthday celebration, Carroll became sick with flu, which in the long run formed into pneumonia. He never recouped and passed on at his sister’s home in Guildford on January 14, 1898. Carroll was covered at the Mount Cemetery in Guildford and has a remembrance stone in Poets’ Corner at Westminster Abbey.

Learning Language Through Structured Rules

Learning Language Through Structured Rules Free Online Research Papers In the language study, language depends on a lot of structures or rules. These guidelines allude to the examples of the language assortment the youngster is learning. All language assortments depend on rules. Utilizing the term â€Å"actively working out† we mean the structure or rules situated in language, can't be turned out to be basically by copying singular expressions. A case of this is the means by which a youngster who says â€Å"drinked† rather than â€Å"drank† is over applying the standard. These slip-ups are ordinarily known as upright blunders. Noem Chomsky is a notable scholar. He centers around the devastated language input youngsters get. His hypothesis is Innateness, which means he accepts a child’s cerebrum contains uncommon language learning components during childbirth. This implies we have developed a mind whose neural circuits contain semantic data. Effectively put, when a kid hears discourse the cerebrum can decipher what she/he hears as per the structures it definitely knows. This is known as the language obtaining gadget (LAD). To back Chomsky’s hypothesis up we can investigate the proof of the human life systems. Our bodies have adjusted, for our bodies to present discourse we have developed a vocal tract to deliver a wide scope of vocal sounds. There is additionally applicable proof into the Broca’s and Wernicke’s territories of the mind. This identifies with stroke casualties as confirmation, where thy may endure discovering words an inerrability to utilize language structure contingent upon the area of the mind harm. Anyway Skinner who is a scholar supporting the behaviorism hypothesis accepts youngsters mirror grown-ups. Their right articulations are fortified when they get what they need or are adulated, while ineffective expressions are then overlooked. Anyway there appear to be numerous issues with the behaviorism hypothesis. There is proof for a basic period for language procurement relating back to Chomsky. The well known model is of a young lady called genie found at 13 years old years old that had been separated and dismissed from the outside world. Genie was extremely denied and had no utilization of language. Her carers attempted to instruct her to talk. Anyway she never turned into a familiar speaker. Another analysis of skinners approach was Chomsky contended that kids have an inborn capacity to remove the standard fundamental language from the words they hear, expressed around them. My last scholar I will allude to is Piaget, he had faith in the psychological hypothesis where language is only one part of a child’s in general scholarly turn of events. He contended that a youngster needs to comprehend an idea before s/he can gain the specific language from which communicates that idea. A model is seriation. There is where a youngster can contrast protests due with size for example on the off chance that you gave a youngster various sticks the kid could organize them arranged by size. He recommended if a youngster had not passed this stage they couldn't learn relative modifier, for example, â€Å"smaller† and â€Å"bigger†. Again Chomsky contends against this as Chomsky accepts a kid presented to language securing will happen consequently. Research Papers on Learning Language Through Structured RulesComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseAssess the significance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeAnalysis Of A Cosmetics Advertisement19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyQuebec and CanadaHip-Hop is ArtMind Travel

Kohlberg’s cognitive theory of gender development free essay sample

Portray and assess Kohlberg’s subjective hypothesis of sexual orientation improvement. Allude to confirm in your answer. The beginning of Kohlberg’s hypothesis of sexual orientation originates from the therapist Piaget. It was Kohlberg’s hypothesis that a person’s comprehension of the social world creates in stages. His hypothesis relates these phases to youth. There are three phases in Kohlberg’s hypothesis from age two until age seven. The main phase of Kohlberg’s hypothesis of sexual orientation advancement is called ‘Gender Identity’. This stage occurs between the ages of two and three. The conviction is that, at this stage, youngsters are accurately ready to distinguish and name the two diverse genders †male or female. At this stage the child’s comprehension of the two genders depends on physical attributes especially hair length and the dress they wear. For instance long hair for females and short hair for guys. Kids, at this stage, don't perceive that sex doesn't change after some time †this comprehension happens in the following stage. We will compose a custom paper test on Kohlberg’s psychological hypothesis of sexual orientation advancement or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Stage two is called ‘Gender Stability’. This stage is the phase where a kid understands that their sex remains the equivalent after some time and happens more than three to four years old. A kid who has arrived at the sexual orientation soundness will perceive that their sex is fixed and that they have consistently been and will keep on being a similar sex, as opposed to a kid who has not arrived at this phase who will realize their at various times sex however don't have the foggiest idea about that they will be a similar sex when they are more established. A case of this would be a kid thinking he ‘will be a mummy’ when he grows up. Albeit a kid currently gets his/her sexual orientation they are as yet constrained in the manner they consider sex. At this stage the youngster comprehends that sexual orientation remains the equivalent across time anyway they don't comprehend that sex remains the equivalent across circumstances. For instance a kid playing with dolls may make a kid believe that he has been transformed into a young lady and something very similar would happen if a kid saw a young lady playing with activity figures. Another restriction in the child’s believing is that they despite everything base sex on physical appearances. An examination directed by McConaghy (1979), included a doll being wearing distinctive apparel and regardless of its private parts being noticeable to the youngster, the kid despite everything made a decision about the sex of the doll as per the garments it was wearing. This backings that kids are restricted as in their perspectives depend on the generalizations of guys and females that they are presented to  girls wear dresses and young men wear pants and shorts. The third and last phase of Kohlberg’s hypothesis is called ‘Gender Constancy’ or ‘Gender Consistency’. This stage occurs between the ages of four and a half and seven. This stage, for the youngster, is the acknowledgment that their sexual orientation won't change across time, as indicated by various circumstances or as per whether their physical appearance changes. A youngster is said to completely comprehend sexual orientation when they arrive at this phase of improvement. Bem (1989) said that the comprehension of sexual orientation consistency in a kid depends on their insight into organic contrasts in guys and females. Slaby and Frey (1975) led an examination to test Kohlberg’s Cognitive hypothesis of sexual orientation improvement. Their examination comprised of asking small kids inquiries first utilizing two upgrades for sexual orientation personality, two inquiries for sex steadiness and afterward another two inquiries concerning sex consistency. The phases of sexual orientation advancement in Kohlberg’s hypothesis were bolstered by the discoveries of this analysis that sex creates in age related stages.

Emotional Intelligence Essay - 275 Words

Emotional Intelligence (Essay Sample) Content: NameCourseClassDate of submissionEmotional intelligence is something in each one of us that determines how we manage our behaviors, relate with people and make decisions. Personal competence focuses more on the individual rather than the relation with others. Social competence on the other hand focuses much on your relationship with others and your social awareness. The competence that I think I am most weak at is communication and conflict management. Communication is being able to listen attentively and fostering an open dialogue. Conflict management goes hand in hand with communication and just as the name suggests it is the act of negotiating and solving the disagreements that frequently arise. Communicating and solving conflicts can greatly improve my performance at school and in my career as well. Conflicts are always bound to happen everywhere and can have devastating effects on the parties involved if not solved or handled in the right manner (Merton 56). So m any relationships have been ruined by simple disagreements which would have otherwise been taken care of in a simple way. Communication is the best way of solving these problems. Talking things out is the most basic way of solving conflicts in all settings, whether at school or at work. Communication lets you express yourself to others and in the process gain the information that you needed. At school for example, communicating with your fellow students can assist you in learning a lot especially from youà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬re the teachers. You might be having a personal problem that might be affecting your performance at school and you find it hard to concentrate.Talking to someone will assist in letting out the pressure and stress. Once you talk to someone, you will feel good and resume back to normal. Your performance will also resume and you will be able to achieve more. This can also happen at the work place and lower your performance at work. Communication is the way out. There are a n umber of things that I can do to improve on my communication and conflict management skills. One is to ensure that I am free with the people I am around whether at school or at work. Know the kind of people they are and know the ones you can trust with your problems. The other thing to do is to create a good relationship with people. I will also ensure that I always have a listening ear. I will learn to listen to other people and not judge them. Communication is a two way thing. I have to listen to people too... Emotional Intelligence Essay - 275 Words Emotional Intelligence (Essay Sample) Content: Emotional IntelligenceName:Institution: In my rating on the emotional intelligence scale, I can rank myself as good in self-awareness, good in self-management, above average in social-awareness and magnificent in social skills. These ratings are based on my personal reflection on experiences in life, through which my emotional intelligence has come to test. Some of my friends agree with my personal ratings although some of them think that I am just above average as far as self-awareness is concerned. Their argument is that self-awareness is a long process, and one requires to progress in age and knowledge to be able to rank as "good" in self-awareness (Daniels, 2000). Almost everyone in my circle of friends agrees that I am excellent in social skills, just as suggested in my personal ratings. On average, my personal ratings are in line with the observations of my friends and relatives. I can rank as "healthy" as far as emotional intelligence is concerned, although th ere is room for improvement (Goleman, 2009.).Upon taking an on-line EI Test, my results indicate that I have an above average score in Emotional Intelligence (Anonymous, 2014). The results are not, however, inclusive in their analysis and presentation of the results. It is composed of twenty questions, all of which are accompanied by several options expected to be possible answers. I find it hard to agree with the test, as it did not indicate my areas of strengths and/or weaknesses, but rather a generalized statement of results (Maul, 2008). The test, therefore, contributed little in my emotional growth. I would have preferred a test whose results extends to assisting the learners to acquire insight in line with their personal self-evaluation processes (Carter, 2009). The emotional intelligence test that I took is available at  HYPERLINK "http://psychology.about.com/library/quiz/bl_eq_quiz_results.htm?cor=63" http://psychology.about.com/library/quiz/bl_eq_quiz_results.htm?cor=63. References Anonymous. (201...

The Female Combat Pilots Of The Soviet Union s Air Force...

In her book on the female combat pilots of the Soviet Union s air force in World War II, former US Air Force intelligence officer turned historian Reina Pennington meets the war on the eastern front at an intersection of women s history, military history, and Soviet social history. Wings, Women, and War is the first scholarly survey of this topic, and it covers these units formation, training, performance, and post-war demobilization. The book s foreword author, eastern front historian John Erikson called it a behavioral, institutional, and operational study of women pilots throughout the Second World War. Though at some points Pennington struggles to balance her coverage from each of those angles, Wings, Women, and War is still a rich and useful study that disengages with present-day politics and agendas and embraces the nuances and complexity of its subjects. The book’s structure is not driven by a central thesis. The lack of thematic throughlines and overarching argum ents make it difficult to parse the information contained within each section. Pennington opts to break down the study loosely by chronology into three major sections. The first section includes some useful historical context on women s evolving roles in Soviet society before the war and aviation s rise in prominence in Soviet culture. This context informs Pennington s evaluation on why the women s aviation regiments were formed at all. She argues against the typical answers to thisShow MoreRelatedThe Soviet Union During World War II2214 Words   |  9 Pages During World War II women in the Soviet Union played a major role in helping the USSR win the war in a lot of different ways. In my paper I am going to show how Soviet women helped Russia win the war and the ways they went about in doing that. I am also going to write about how women were seen in the Soviet Union during this time and how the war changed how women were perceived in Russian society. Also I am going to write about how the efforts of women evolved throughout the war and howRead MoreSoviet Women During Wwi During World War II2406 Words   |  10 Pages Soviet Women during WW2 Women during World War II in the Soviet Union played a major role in helping the USSR win the war in a lot of different ways. In my paper I am going to show how Soviet women helped Russia win the war and the ways they went about in doing that and how without the support of women, the USSR would have lost the conflict and became part of Nazi Germany. I am also going to write about how women were seen in the Soviet Union during this time and Read MoreWomen During World War II1674 Words   |  7 PagesIn World War II, women contributed in many ways by entering the battle. Some of the jobs the women held were Army nurses, Red Cross members, factory work, etc. The United States were one of the few countries that put their women to work and was ridiculed for it. In 1948, President Truman signed the Women s Armed Services Integration Act which authorized regular and reserve status for women in the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps. These women showed true leadership by becoming leaders in battleRead MoreWomen During The Civil War1757 Words   |  8 Pagesin combat roles in the military; however, this has not always been true in the United States. Throughout history, women have had an active role in war time. The United States has documented cases of women disguising themselves as men in order to participate in combat as far back as the Civil War. It would seem that women have as much desire to serve as men, but in what capacity? This is a question that not only the United States has struggled with, but is a continuing debate around the world. 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We have continued Marketing Wars, which many of you recommended, and reinstated Comebacks of firms iii iv †¢ Preface rising from adversity. I have also brought back Ethical Mistakes, because I believe that organizations more than ever need to be responsive to society’s best

Essay on Historians Interest in Elizabeth and Her Successors

Historians Interest in Elizabeth and Her Successors Elizabeth Tudor is considered by many to be the greatest monarch in English history. When she became queen in 1558, she was twenty-five years old, a survivor of scandal and danger, and considered illegitimate by most Europeans. She inherited a bankrupt nation, torn by religious discord, a weakened pawn between the great powers of France and Spain. She was only the third queen to rule England in her own right; the other two examples, her cousin Lady Jane Grey and half-sister Mary I, were disastrous. Even her supporters believed her position dangerous and uncertain. Although there was widely held discomfort with England having a female ruler,†¦show more content†¦The complex issue of who might have been chosen as a husband for Elizabeth has greatly interested historians, as there was no shortage of candidates. However, candidates had to be approved by both Elizabeth and her council, which proved harder than they had imagined. Potential partners fell into two categories: En glishmen and foreigners. There were unfortunately drawbacks in both categories. If Elizabeth were to marry an Englishman he would be of non-royal stock as there were no remaining male Tudor relations of a marriageable age. However, Mary’s marriage to Philip II of Spain meant now that â€Å"many at Court disliked the prospect of the Queen marrying a foreigner.† Although Mary had signed a pre-nuptial contract limiting Philip’s powers, she was reluctant to enforce it and the common opinion was that this led to the loss of Calais. The xenophobic feelings of the council (and public) were heightened in 1554-1558 and they were determined that this situation would not arise again, where Britain would not become â€Å"A satellite of the bridegroom’s domains†¦..the new king’s territories.† (Keith Randell.) Some historians believe that having witnessed this situation, Elizabeth herself wished to be avoid â€Å"risking the loss of control that Mar y experienced† (C. Jordan) and this may have made her reluctant to seriouslyShow MoreRelatedAn Extremely Brief Biography of Queen Elizabeth I1334 Words   |  5 PagesOn this day in history, March 24, 1603, Queen Elizabeth the first dies, leaving the throne to King James VI of Scotland. Within her reign Elizabeth enforced Protestant religion. In 1587, she had Queen Mary executed, and her conflict continued with the Roman Catholic Spain, and victoriously defeated the Spanish Armada. The Elizabethan age flourished with commerce, literature, arts, and geographical exploration. 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International Journal of Market Research - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the International Journal of Market Research. Answer: The technological advancements over the past two decades, coupled with the advent of the internet, has revolutionised the everything. Human lives and the societal norms or ways have been completely and irreversibly changed. The way things were perceived or done in the olden times were no longer needed and digital medium completely took over us. With the rising popularity of the social media, every human is connected to the internet all the times (Hudson et al. 2015). There are a number of different aspects and sides of this and the collective human society across the planet has been significantly changed. The current essay discusses this point in a more detailed manner: how has the widespread use of social media changed or altered our lives in a positive manner. Almost anyone can be on social media with the help of any electronic device and an internet connection. This lets every person to be always aware about the activities of their friends or family and see what they are doing, where they are, which movies they are watching, what music they are listening to or which book they are reading. Social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn, Tumblr, Pinterest all facilitate any person who wants to know anything about any of their friends. While social scientists argue that being connected to the internet has huge implications and often has sever negative aspects to it, there are also arguments in favour of using social media, that can greatly enhance the quality of the lives of the humans (Ngai, Tao and Moon 2015). One of the most major thing that social media platforms have helped in is, instant access to information. In the digital age, there is a huge amount of data that is created every day and most of it available to the people who have internet access (Hajli 2014). Twitter and Facebook users can spread the news of any event almost instantly, even before actual news media and other sources of news. The raid of Bin Ladens hiding place to the mass uprising in the countries like Turkey or the civil war situations in the Middle Eastern nations, as well as any natural calamity in any part of the world, have all been leaked through users of social media rather than news channels (Houston et al. 2015). This has helped countless people to become aware of what was going on and also made sure that those who did not live in their native countries, could check up on their families and beloved ones through these social media platforms as well. One of the best ways that social media helps humans is by s erving as a platform to promote small scale businesses. Digital advertising on social media costs no money and it can virtually reach a huge number of people at a single go. Friends can be made aware of the new business venture and even their friends can be notified about a new initiative that has been started by a person (Bright, Kleiser and Grau 2015). This can be immensely beneficial for the people who aim to do business with a small capital and cannot invest too much on advertising their products or other services. Business venturers who cannot afford too much physical publicity, can always resort to the social media platforms and promote their own products for free. Exposure to the different cultures of the world and exchange of the cultures can also be done through the different social media websites or platforms. The virtual world has been successful in almost erasing all the barriers and international borders by being accessible by every person. The free mobility of information through the internet and the ability for every person to check it, has made sure that people are much more aware about other countries and their respective cultures than they ever were before (Perse and Lambe 2016). Globalisation has been fast forwarded and enhanced the most by the continuously rising use of social media and currently the global culture has almost become a singular one. This has helped people to be more accepting and more open minded towards other cultures and the difference in their own and others views and beliefs. The concept of a global village has been boosted significantly by social media (Boyd 2014). Granted, there are arguments that say that personal sphere of people has been invaded significantly by this developed habit of being connected to everyone at all the times. However, this very aspect has also benefited our lives in many other ways that were beyond comprehension even just a few years ago (Boulianne 2015). Social scientists have argued countless times that people who live alone can be given some degree of security through social media. In cases of emergency, elderly people and anyone who is in danger can seek help from their friends through social media. Many cases like this have actually happened and social workers and hospitals or social care givers have reported to be notified of an emergency situation by people who learned about the case themselves through social media platforms. Getting the news have helped the social care givers and the hospitals to act on it quickly and this has resulted in a number of lives being saved on a many occasions (Houston et al. 2015). One of the most significant changes that has been prompted by the intense and all-encompassing use of social media is how people view themselves. The social perception of beauty has been altered drastically and the people who are frequent users of social media websites have grown more and more accepting about themselves (Weller et al. 2014). Different cultures have different notions about what is beautiful and what is accepted and which is not correct. All of these perceptions and views have helped people to view themselves from different aspects. In this manner, social media has been able to fight depression and other metal problems of many people, albeit doing so unconsciously in most of the times. Expressing their own views and ideologies or beliefs have become much easier when done through social media and this has made sure that a large number of people understand each other in a better way than ever before. Facebook depression is a term that was given rise because of the mental problems faced by some teenagers due to cyber-bullying. Mental health issues such as this has been also met with resistance. More people have come forward in support of the person who were being bullied by others and the offenders had to step down, eventually. In the older times, when mass media was the only way of communicating and reaching others in a mass level, companies and other organisations had to belt out millions, even billions, of dollars at times to make sure that their voices were heard by everyone everywhere (Perse and Lambe 2016). Today, a simple Tweet or a status update on Facebook can make sure that your friends know what is going on or what a person wants to say or talk about, even if the time zone difference between them are huge. This has radically curbed massive costs and organisations do not have to incur any of it anymore (Weller et al. 2014). Organisations and individual people have been brought down to the same platform and this has been a huge boon to entrepreneurs, because social media does not discriminate and allows a fair competition among every person or company. Social media has also changed the meaning of entertainment and how can it be accessed by the users of the platforms. Social media has opened the doors to a wide range of art in every form, including movies, books, music or fine arts, so that a huge number of people can be exposed to those collectively and pursue their interests through the virtual world (Hudson et al. 2015). Artists have been given a huge advantage by this and they can avail a greater number of audience than ever before. Social media has unquestionably become a large part of our lives, whether we know it or not, accept it or not. Even those who do not use any social media platforms, are affected by it indirectly. It can fairly concluded that, despite all the arguments against the use of social media, or social media addiction as it is called by psychologists and social scientists, it also has some immense advantages in our lives and the excessive or widespread use of the same has impacted our lives in positive ways as well. References Boulianne, S., 2015. Social media use and participation: A meta-analysis of current research.Information, Communication Society,18(5), pp.524-538. Boyd, D., 2014.It's complicated: The social lives of networked teens. Yale University Press. Bright, L.F., Kleiser, S.B. and Grau, S.L., 2015. Too much Facebook? An exploratory examination of social media fatigue.Computers in Human Behavior,44, pp.148-155. Hajli, M.N., 2014. A study of the impact of social media on consumers.International Journal of Market Research,56(3), pp.387-404. Houston, J.B., Hawthorne, J., Perreault, M.F., Park, E.H., Goldstein Hode, M., Halliwell, M.R., Turner McGowen, S.E., Davis, R., Vaid, S., McElderry, J.A. and Griffith, S.A., 2015. Social media and disasters: a functional framework for social media use in disaster planning, response, and research.Disasters,39(1), pp.1-22. Hudson, S., Roth, M.S., Madden, T.J. and Hudson, R., 2015. The effects of social media on emotions, brand relationship quality, and word of mouth: An empirical study of music festival attendees.Tourism Management,47, pp.68-76. Ngai, E.W., Tao, S.S. and Moon, K.K., 2015. Social media research: Theories, constructs, and conceptual frameworks.International Journal of Information Management,35(1), pp.33-44. Perse, E.M. and Lambe, J., 2016.Media effects and society. Routledge. Weller, K., Bruns, A., Burgess, J., Mahrt, M. and Puschmann, C., 2014.Twitter and society(Vol. 89, p. 447). P. Lang.

Mary Jo Bang Essays - Mary Jo Bang, Bang!, , Term Papers

Mary Jo Bang Bill Mueller April 18, 1999 English 1-2 Prof. McMullen Mary Jo Bang : Apology for Want Quiet, unassuming, serene. These characteristics define the appearance of poet Mary Jo Bang. There is, however, another side to the humble St. Louis native which is not readily apparent by either her looks or her demeanor. Beneath her deceiving facade lies another person entirely, which only emerges through her poetic talents. Although she also read from her new manuscript which has not yet gone to print, Mary Jo Bang primarily read from her collection which won the Katherine Bakeless Nason poetry prize in 1996, entitled Apology for Want. According to Edward Hirsch Apology for Want is, a...dark [and] unabashed apology for desire. But there's something more to her work than confessing the yearnings of humanity, no matter how tarnished they may be. Her work is very personal, yet it touches home, inspiring a feeling of understanding and enlightenment which is very hard to accomplish. The Desert at Hand, the first poem she read to us, although by far the one which moved me the most, seemed very confusing at first. She opens Love is also fragment: the cheek of the moon's fat-boy face giving itself up to be kissed, the ingredient phrase, I can't live without you, the sum of the few words that truly invent themselves - You are. At first, the impression of the poem's direction and attitude seemed positive, inspiring the thought that love really is self-sufficient despite it's fragility. Even the title The Desert at Hand seems to imply a biblical simile, that love is a test which can both test and strengthen you, just as Jesus' 40 days in the desert was a time of great temptation and redemption for him. Surprisingly, the poem shifts its focus off of love and to a very similar subject, although it has a slightly less favorable connotation: desire. Tomorrow [is] getting shorter, even as we speak. In this flinty age of materialism we've gorown fond of witches - they embody our with to believe, to immerse ourselves...to be welcomed into imprudence, the elevated tor, unbreakable oath. She seems to be reaching out, saying that people in general have succumbed to materialism, that the ideal of love as it was presented previously was something which is quickly becoming lost to humanity. The people will now turn to witches, symbolically implying that mankind will follow a false path in the hopes of his own advancement. Although I was a bit skeptical of her poetry, not sensing a meaning behind the short choppy phrases which comprise her work, she won me over in the end. After reading some powerful poems such as Open Heart Surgery, Metaphor as Symptom of Reason's Despair, and the poem for which the book is entitled, Apology for want, it became clearer to me what her goals and intentions were. Mary Jo Bang wasn't making a social commentary for the sake of pointing out the sins of people and touting them as evil for the sake of exposing humanity's weaknesses. She is acknowledging the weak nature of man and holding us responsible for our thoughts and actions with one purpose in mind. Her poetry is intended to open the eyes of her audience, daring them to find that weakness within themselves. Mary Jo Bang's intention lies in the hope that she can help us to find and acknowledge that flaw of human nature within ourselves, and overcome it's temptations to transcend the material world into one where we will be at peace with ourselves. English Essays

How To Write Dates in Spanish

How To Write Dates in Spanish There is  a variety of subtle differences between writing common things in English and in Spanish. Such is the case with writing dates in the two languages: Where in English one might say February 5, 2019, a Spanish writer would express the date as 5 de febrero de 2019. Key Takeaways: Writing Dates in Spanish The most common way of writing dates in Spanish follows the form number de month de year.Names of the months are not capitalized in Spanish.With the exception of primero for first, the ordinal numbers are not used in dates in Spanish. Note that in Spanish the name of the month isnt capitalized. You can also spell out the number - as in cinco de enero de 2012 - but this is less common than using a numeral in the example above. However, in parts of Latin America, especially in areas with U.S. influence, you may also see the form abril 15 de 2018 in occasional use, and rarely you may see a period used in the year such as 2.006. Another important distinction is that in Spanish you should not imitate English by using ordinal forms such as tercero de marzo as a direct translation of third of March. The one exception is that you may say primero for first, so January 1st can be said as primero de enero. In numeral form, thats 1o, or a 1 followed by superscripted o, not a degree sign. Less commonly, the form 1ero is used. As in the examples below, dates are typically preceded by the definite article el in sentences. Sample Sentences Showing Use of Dates in Spanish El 16 de septiembre de 1810 era  el dà ­a de independencia de Mà ©xico. (Sept. 16, 1810, was Mexicos independence day.) La Epifanà ­a se celebras el 6 de enero de cada aà ±o en los paà ­ses hispanohablantes. (Epiphany is celebrated in Jan. 6 of each year in Spanish-speaking countries.) El 1 de enero es el primer dà ­a del aà ±o en el calendario gregoriano. (Jan. 1 is the first month of the year of the Gregorian calendar.) El proceso de recuento parcial comenzà ³ el 3 de mayo y todavà ­a continà ºa. (The partial recount process began on May 3 and still continues.) Desde el aà ±o de 1974, el primero de julio celebramos el Dà ­a del Ingeniero en Mà ©xico. (Since the year 1974, we celebrate the Day of the Engineer on July 1st.) Use of Roman Numerals and Abbreviated Forms In abbreviated form, Spanish typically follows a day-month-year pattern using a capitalized Roman numeral for the month. The units may be separated by spaces, slashes, or hyphens. Thus the abbreviated form of July 4, 1776, can be written in these ways: 4 VII 1776, 4/VII/1776, and 4-VII-1776. Theyre the equivalent of 7/4/1776 in American English or 4/7/1776 in British English. Common forms used for B.C. are aC and a. de C. -   for antes de Cristo  or before Christ - with variations in punctuation and sometimes the use of J.C. (Jesucristo) instead of merely using the letter  C. In scholarly writing, you may use AEC  as the equivalent of the English BCE, which means antes de la Era Comà ºn  or Before the Common Era. The equivalent of A.D. is despuà ©s de Cristo  or after Christ and can be abbreviated d. de C.  or dC  with the same variations as noted above. You also may use EC  (Era Comà ºn) for CE (Common Era). The abbreviations AEC  and EC  are even less commonly used in Spanish than their English equivalents are in English, mainly because they arent universally understood. They normally shouldnt be used unless demanded by the context, such as if writing for publication in an academic journal. Pronouncing the Years The years in Spanish are pronounced the same as other cardinal numbers are. Thus, for example, the year 2040 would be pronounced as dos mil cuarenta. The English custom of pronouncing the centuries separately - in English we typically say twenty-forty instead of two thousand forty - is not followed. Saying veinte cuarenta instead of dos mil cuarenta would strike native Spanish speakers as the mark of an English speaker. Using Prepositions With Dates Spanish does not use a preposition as the equivalent of on when indicating that something happens on a particular date. The date itself functions as an adverbial phrase, as it does in English when on is omitted. Such examples include la masacre ocurrià ³ el 14 de marzo wherein the phrase means The massacre occurred on March 14, with the Spanish word for on (en) not used. Similarly in English, one could correctly say The massacre occurred March 14.   During or throughout, on the other hand, can be added into the phrase by including the Spanish word for this, durante.  Such is the case in the Spanish version of the sentence Space exploration began during the 20th Century, which can be written as Durante el siglo XX dio comenzà ³ la exploracià ³n espacial.

Have race relations changed among different races today Essay

Have race relations changed among different races today - Essay Example e higher among minority groups when compared to Caucasians, but these groups have been shown to earn much less than what their Caucasian counterparts earn. There tends to be very little likelihood of either African American or Latino men to be given employment as managers or as professionals and they are more likely to only get jobs, which involve labor. This also applies to women from minorities who have to work much harder and for lesser pay than their counterparts do in order to get positions of authority (Phelan, 376). While there are still instances of discrimination, there have been changes in the racial relations between the different races in the United States today. This can be seen through the increasing levels of intermarriage as well as the formation of strong friendships between them. It can therefore be said that despite the fact that the racial relations in the United States still have a long way to go before they are equal, there have been enough changes to put this process on the right

Scientific Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Scientific Management - Research Paper Example Referring to these notions, the essay primarily focuses on exploring the effectiveness of scientific management in the organizational context. The essay also aims at determining the usefulness of scientific management in order to manage organizational behavior and plan for changes within an organization. In a broader sense, the term ‘Scientific management’, can be referred as a managerial theory that is principally used for evaluating and synthesizing the workflow in an organization. The principal use of the notion underlying the theory of scientific management has been to enhance the financial efficiency and overall productivity level of an organization. This theory was developed by Frederick Winslow Taylor in the year 1911 with the aim of reconfiguring the management and engineering processes within manufacturing units with emphasis to better use of resources and obtainment of productivity. According to Trist, the concept of scientific management raises two questions, â€Å"what is science† and â€Å"what is management†. From a generalized perspective, answers to these questions might be plural and vague if thought philosophically. While from a historical perspective, the answers to these questions are single and clear. Contextually, scientific managemen t can be mentioned as the movement that is related to the measurement of work, which was developed by Taylor during the initial phase of industrial revolution (Trist, n.d.). According to the research conducted by Celik (2011), it was believed that Taylor was the first person to study management as a scientific subject through which, he obtained the idea to â€Å"Theory of Scientific Management†. It was revealed that the ideas developed by Taylor had a huge influence on various academics and scientists studying organizational management during the period. It would be worth mentioning that the ideas developed by

Hyperinflation in Germany Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hyperinflation in Germany - Essay Example Another factor which contributes to the cause was the reparations for the destruction caused after the World War I which had no returns. It was largely believed by Seflon Delmer that Germany's strategy of financing the war on credit basis leading to huge deficits caused the degradation of mark. The most important point to be noted is that Havenstien, Director of Reichsbank, whose inability to understand the causes for situation, instead of finding blamed it on reparations and increased the flow of money which is clear indication of deregulation from the economic point of view. Alex also argued on the role of industrialists in their effort to increase the inflation as most of the industrialists prospered during this period. All these factors laid the foundation for the rise of inflation in Germany during 1923 after World War I. (Alex De Jonge) During the period of hyperinflation, there was social unrest in the society. Alex in his articles using appropriate examples has tried to explain what the value of money was during this period and the government and capitalist intervention in regulation policies. Alex in his work mentioned that workers were paid five times a week due to weak performance of currency. From the economics perspective, the supply and demand are the most important factors and termed as wheels of the economy. Inflation is referred as a situation where level of prices increase and value of money declines. This was clearly reflected in the works of Alex De Jonge through an example of an author receiving advance payment for his work. But the time money reaches him, it is worth paying off the bills of postal charges. How much the value owed to the public can be understood from this example cited by Alex, wherein a Mayor presents a donation of 1,000,000,000,000 to Berlin couple, the value of which was no more t han half penny. The value of money was undervalued in such a way that currencies were found in gutter thrown away by the beggars. Due to the inflation crisis and loss on money value, many cities and individual firms started printing their own notes secured by food stocks and eventually gave rise to barter system of market trade after 500 years. This gives clear indication of laissez faire in the German economy where government's interference was almost negligible. Barter market gave rise to commodity value and commodities were exchanged giving rise to theft and burglary of mailboxes, door handle, telephone wires, shoes, etc. The article indentifies certain issues wherein government interference was necessary but did not act. The inflation was a period of prosperity wherein rich grew richer and poor were exploited heavily as in capitalist economy. Alex in his paper has tried to explain the causes and effects on Germany's economy which gave rise to once ancient barter system. The currency value lost its real value to such an extent that even beggars didn't had confidence in keeping it. According to Alex's view, Germany was cheaper to foreigners than to its own citizen. (Alex de Jonge) III. Socioeconomic and Political developments in Germany Post

My Personal Philosophy of Education Essay -- Philosophy of Education T

My Personal Philosophy of Education Ever since I was a little girl, I knew that in my future I wanted to become a teacher. I always looked up to my teachers, especially the ones I had in elementary school. I even played 'school' with my friends and pretended I had my own classroom. I loved being in charge. During a summer, I was given the opportunity to work as an Energy Express mentor and work with a group of eight children. This was one of the most wonderful experiences I have ever been through. I was a mentor to help guide the children, and by the end of the summer I felt as if I had really accomplished something. I am planning to pursue a career in elementary education. I love children, and just knowing that as a teacher I could make a difference in someone's life means so much to me. Every student is different. Different in how fast or slow they perceive information, comprehend and interpret concepts, and develop problem-solving skills. I agree with Rousseau?s belief that a child will not learn until they are ready. As a teacher, I will work with each student based on their needs and try to present information in a way that is effective to them all. It is important to understand that the approach a teacher uses with one student may be different from another. I believe that every student deserves individual attention as long as it is suitable. I believe that the nature of knowledge is relative; it depends on the person, place, and time. All students come from different backgrounds and are brought up differently, so sometimes it can be difficult to follow a set curriculum in the classroom. The teacher has to be aware of the needs and knowledge of her classroom, yet she cannot lose... ...ught good writing skills. Writing is an important form of communication, especially when there is a lack of verbal communication. These subjects are areas of knowledge important for all students. They prepare you for future education and life situations. After graduation, I plan to extend my education and pursue a master?s degree. I want to teach in West Virginia or a surrounding state where I will become a successful teacher. Many people do not understand how important a teacher is to a person?s life. They have to give extra time and dedication to their job. I have learned a lot of what I know today from my past teachers, and I hope that my future students will say the same about me. I love children, and this is why I think I?ll make a great teacher. I hope that one day I will have the same impact on my students that my past teachers have had on me.

The countries with small prison Essay

                 Small prison populations in a country may mean that the government is soft on crime since prisons were designed to hold the law breakers who have been convicted. On the other hand, it may mean that the government and the citizens of a country are doing enough on rehabilitation, training and control of the law breakers to avoid being found on the wrong side of the law (Foucault, 1977). Today, incarceration is considered to be the harshest sanction one can get for any criminal offence. Therefore, doing away with the shame and all the pain and suffering that one undergoes when imprisoned can be a better option to any government and its citizens. This paper focuses on how the small prison populations have been achieved in some countries, and answers the question of, why certain countries are considered soft on crime and others tough on crime.                  The countries like Sweden, which experience small prison population, have a humane way of sentencing law breakers. In in which the jail terms are always less than ten years. Even for the most serious law breakers, as opposed to other countries where the offenders of the law are given a jail term of not less than thirty to forty years behind bars. In real sense, this appears to be like life time imprisonment (Siegel, 2000). Taking into consideration, the life expectancies in various countries in the world. More so, the third world countries. Gendreau et al. (1999) states that the principle rationale for the compulsory minimums, creates a belief that, the duration of time spent in prison will always act as a deterrent to the future breaking of the law. The term spent in custody is believed to have effects in the victims behavioral characteristics such as suppressing criminals behavior due to unpleasantness in the life behind bars and negative social stigma associated with imprisonment this greatly reduce recidivism upon release. The time in prison is viewed as potential â€Å"psychological deep freezers†, in the sense that most of those  caught on the wrong side of the law do enter the prison with a set of antisocial behaviors and attitudes which are never changed during their times behind the bars, this greatly prevents interaction between the inmates which may lead to sharing of the ideas in perfecting their skills as they learn of the new ways of conducting their crimes through the other inmates. Thus the humanity in such countries has greatly helped reduce the crowding in the prisons giving adequate space for the incoming prisoners to get rooms in various prisons available in the various parts of such countries thus decrease in the prisoners populations.                Studies that have been conducted from 1958, involving approximately 336 000 law breakers have shown that there exists a correlation between recidivism and the length of time in prisons, and also the life as under incarceration and receiving the community based sanctions. The conclusions that were derived from such studies were prisons ought not to be used with the expectation of rectifying the behaviors of those who break the law, instead of subjecting those who break the law community based sanctions have proved to be the best teacher of the accepted behavior and norms with those around the victims and the communities at large. The excessive use of imprisonment too proved to have various cost implications, since when under custody the prisoners do meet various personalities and characters who introduce them to very immoral behaviors like homosexuality and lesbianism, the innocent prisoners are always raped, beaten and harassed and even forced to dance nude b efore other inmates. Such behaviors calls upon the prison officials to put in place repeated, comprehensive assessment of the law breakers attitudes, values, morals and behaviors while still under custody. Thus the offenders with the higher risk nature should be given reasonable periods in prison and subjected to adequate retribution.                Such countries too allow those who are under life incarceration to appeal to the courts after a given period, usually after ten to fifteen years, of time to be given a fixed term under  custody, the allowed time for any revised term always ranges between eighteen to twenty five years. The commuting of fixed terms do greatly reduce the number of those in custody, since most of those who do go for revision of their terms behind bars always succeed in overturning the previous rulings and emerge victorious in the sense of having a freedom one day after completing their terms behind bars. In United States of America, California State leads as the most propound with one of the toughest, broadest and most rigorously applied minimum policies, which are generally known as â€Å"the three strikes and out† law (D’Alession & Stolzenberg, 1997). The state has put in place a mandatory twenty five years to life for a third crime case and there is no distinct ion among the types of felonies at this stage (Bellisle, 1999).               Various countries have introduced the use of methods like electronic tagging, which is a cost effective, robust and reliable method of controlling monitoring and rectifying the behaviors of the law breakers. It has become one of the most effective means to resettle the custodians back into the society of the convicts and also using the community. Putting the tags provides a very effective way to keep on track the offender curfews, the equipment too consist of a monitoring unit which is based on radio frequency technology and its use is throughout the criminal system and as an important part of bail conditions too. The tag can be placed on the prisoner’s ankle and the monitoring unit situated in the home or other pace of curfew. The tag and the monitoring unit work together in which the tag acts as the transmitter which sends signals to the monitoring unit, which in turn sends signals to the control center. The tag and the monitoring unit are always unde r a twenty four hour monitor, thus an immediate response is always received for any kind of violation, bringing in time proof as one of its qualities thus maximum reliability. This technology when installed under a supervision requirement, greatly contribute to reduction in offending.                  Giving reassurance to the society that the behavior of the law breakers are on check.               Life behind bars without the hope of parole gives no chance for fulfillment outside the walls of prison, no chance to reconcile with the society, no hope (American Society Of Criminology, 1970). Maturity, at times do lead to the considered reflection which is the foundation of remorse, rehabilitation and renewal. Teenagers living their lives knowing that they have no chance of leaving prison until death, has very minimal incentive of becoming a responsible person. A country like The United States of America imposed sentence of life without a parole on the youths, the was achieved in the U.S by slowly and steadily doing away with the founding principles of the justice of the juvenile systems. Thus this day, a record number of various citizens in the U.S are living their youth, juvenile life without parole (JLWOP), without the fear of being sentenced for crimes committed before being eighteen years of age (Nellis, 2012). Increasing the age of those who can be se ntenced to life imprisonment to a reasonable age, for example eighteen to twenty one years, gives one the experience of life, making one more wiser and sound in both his or her reasoning and thinking capacities. This makes sure that as few childish law breakers as possible end up behind bars.               Post prison support, where the government take the initiative of teaching, guiding and supervising those on probation. This is done through free treatment programs, forums and organizing rallies to campaign against breaking the law, where the culprits are made to be fully involved after making vows never to be part of law breakers ever again. These services are always assisted by volunteers who are citizens of these countries, the volunteers always find ways to befriend the victims thus enabling them to become closer to these people making it much easier for them to interact while share ideas and opinions about where the victims do go wrong bringing some sense into the victims on probation. Mostly, the offenders are always jailed for either violence or on issues related to drugs, in such situations people who were once addicted but have found a way out of the bondage are used to help create a mentality that nothing is impossible and the victims too can also ch ange and make something better out of their lives rather than being caught on the wrong side of the law (Hall, 1982).               In most countries, the small prison population can be due to the prison break, which is the act of a prisoner escaping or  leaving  the prison through unaccepted ways. Escaping prison is regarded as a criminal offence in most countries. Therefore, when an escape occurs, efforts are always made by those in charge of the prison to recapture and bring them back. Such an offence, is always punished by additional jail terms and increased security. Other factors which include whether or not violence was involved during the escape. This is always done to discourage the other inmates from attempting to escape too. However, not all those who escape from prison are always recaptured. This too is a factor which have contributed to the reduction in population in most prisons. Example of such attempts which succeeded include, the 17th century escape of the Dutch author, Hugo Grotius, who escaped from Loevestein where he was being held captive. He managed to go through the security checks by getting into a book coffin and was then smuggled outside. In 1915 the German Naval Air Service Kapitanleutnant, known as Gunther Pluschow, escaped broke from Downingtown Hall prisoner of War camp (Sutherland & Cressey, 1974). From Texas Death Row in 1998, Martin Gurule escaped and he was found dead few days after (Siegel, 2000). Such incidents have greatly contributed to the small prison population in various countries across the world.                In some countries, prisoners are treated like other normal persons, with responsibility and trust. Instead of making them to spend time behind bars, they are given duties within the prisons and mandates to explore their talents and areas of profession. Such prisoners, though under custody becomes very important elements in the society. They always involve themselves in productivity of the nation. They learn new skills which do help them once they are out of prison. Once such skills are acquired, some of the prisoner always involve themselves too much into the new skills they acquire. Such serious involvements help the detainees to rehabilitate and start acting in manners which are always accepted in the community. This too gives the government and other volunteers who are always willing to help those on probation, easy time when dealing with such people when they finally come out of jail. They become good ambassadors, some of them join the volunteers as activ ists against being found on the wrong side of the law. Some, with their newly acquired skills always involved themselves in activities which are productive in the society such as the non-formal education e.g. tailoring, shop keeping etc., skill building programs which involves the motivational talks and subjection to training and control. Such like activities, which they do learn when behind bars while interacting with their fellow inmates. They turn up to be very important parts of the society. And also they are always accepted by most people, because of the important contributions that they make towards the well-being of those around them and the country. Through such activities, other members of the society who in one way or the other, may be found on the wrong side of the law do try as much as they can to try as much to live like those on probation whom they interact with in their day today life (Conclin, 1981).                The other factor which have greatly contributed to small population in prisons, is corruption. Research has shown that the corruption in most prisons, are more widespread and deeply rooted as ever before. The Transparency International United Kingdom (TI-UK) even the conclusions made, do underestimate the true extent of corruption in prisons. This is because they omit three major factors. These factors include, the risks of the officers who are not in the prison  staff being widely involved in corruption. The other factor is, the impact that the organized crime within the prison population has and the symbiosis relationship between the management performance and the corruption. The research shows that the main problem within the services offered in various prisons is smuggling of the illegal materials within the prison walls, these include, drugs and mobile phones. Siegel (2000) states that, the act smuggling not only involve the non-prison staffs but also the prison officers. The prison officers even involve themselves in unwanted relationships with those who have been incarcerated. This close relationship makes it easier for the prisoners to manipulate the officers’ mind and find ways to escape. Escape of prisoners who are in a relationship is always easier because they can be given the uniforms by the officers. Through this the populations are greatly reduced in such prisons. Such corrupt officers do accept bribes from the prisoners so as to help them escape out of the prison.               In countries like the United States of America where there is the highest number of prisoners, approximately 1.7 million. Research show that early 1990s, when the imprisonment rate was half of the present figures. A federal court order was released to reduce overcrowding. This left various states with only two choices, the first one was to put fewer law breakers in custody and secondly, to construct more prisons. In the State of Louisiana, they managed to achieve only the first option which was to lock up fewer people, this was due to lack of funds. But, they were determined to put every law breaker behind bars. The sheriffs had to find ways of footing the funds for construction of the new prisons. And after a few years, there were prisons in most parts of the state. To the sheriffs having people behind bars is like a business with opportunity to develop his law enforcement arm. The sheriffs do buy new squad cars, guns and laptops. These improvements in the ar ms made by the sheriffs, help improve and monitor the arms with ease. This help ensuring that there is very minimum crime cases in the arms headed by any sheriffs. Due to the increased rooms and bed spaces, with arms too for sheriffs to take charge, there is always competition among the sheriffs. This creates a healthy completion where no sheriff will want to be left out.             The high prison population, can also be due to high number of laws set by the government to individuals to tame those with unwanted behaviors in the society. The many laws that are always put in place are there to guide, train and control the citizens to act according to the countries orders. Those found on the wrong side are always put under the police custody for some period of time before being tried to court to be found guilty or not. This is done for every slightest mistake, because when left unpunished, such people always turns out to be criminals charged with very massive offences. To prevent these the government always resolve for the best option of holding the law breakers captives until they are fully rehabilitated. This has proved to be best method to tame the unruly citizens. Since, some of the citizens who always break the law are always afraid to be imprisoned. However, other unruly citizens in these countries which experience high number of populati on in their prisons do get into trouble because of the kind of treatment then get when locked under bars (Grapes, 2000). Not all citizens of a country lives a good state at their homes. Some are dwelling in absolute poverty. To avoid the stress of thinking what to wear and food to eat, they always resolve to get into trouble. Such people when under the custody of the police, they always sure that at the end of the day they’ll be having the basic needs that are unaffordable when they are at their homes (Sutherland & Cressey, 1974). This is due to the good treatment in most of the prisons in the developed countries, where the prisoners’ rooms are always fitted with luxurious equipment like television, internet enabled computers, washrooms etc. For the street urchins who are tired of sleeping in the cold, they always resolve to committing crimes which do land them in such luxurious prisons to eliminate the problems that they do have in life. Conclusion                   The evidence is overwhelming: small prison population does not mean that a country is soft on crime. Through rehabilitation, even the most stubborn criminal can turn out to be the best activist against crime. The life behind bars too can transform any person no matter how rotten the morals of the person is. Increase of the age for those who can be sentenced for life to a reasonable age too is an important contributing factor for the small prison population in these countries. These countries too may be acting soft on criminals in that in most cases the criminals who are kept in custody always find ways to escape. Corruption is also found to be one of the factors that majorly contribute to both low and high prison population in these prisons. On the other hand, those countries with a high prison population is found to have many laws. These laws are found to be the greatest contributor to the large numbers behind bars. References Siegel, L. J. (2000).  Criminology. Belmont, California-U.S.A: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning. American society of criminology. (1970).  Criminology. Columbus, OH [etc.: American Society of Criminology [etc. Sutherland, E. H., and Cressey, D. R. (1974). Criminology. Philadelphia-U.S.A: Lippincott Nellis, A. (2012). The Life of Juvenile Lifers. Washington, D.C-U.S.A: DeSales St. Foucault, M. (1977). Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison. New York: Pantheon Books. Gendreau, P., GOGGIN, C., LITTLE, T., AND CANADA. (1996).  Predicting adult offender recidivism: What works! Ottawa- Canada: Solicitor General Canada. Grapes, B. J. (2000).  Prisons. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press. Canadian criminal justice association. (2003).  Canadian journal of criminology and criminal justice Revue canadienne de criminologie et justice peÃŒ nale. Ottawa, Canadian Criminal Justice Association. http://www.metapress.com/content/1911-0219/. Hall williams, J. E. (1982).  Criminology and criminal justice. London, Butterworths. Source document

Psychoanalytically Analyzing the Poetry of Sylvia Plath...

The poetry of Sylvia Plath can be interpreted psychoanalytically. Sigmund Freud believed that the majority of all art was a controlled expression of the unconscious. However, this does not mean that the creation of art is effortless; on the contrary it requires a high degree of sophistication. Works of art like dreams have both a manifest content (what is on the surface) and latent content (the true meaning). Both dreams and art use symbolism and metaphor and thus need to be interpreted to understand the latent content. It is important to maintain that analyzing Plaths poetry is not the same as analyzing Plath; her works stand by themselves and create their own fictional world. In the poems Lady Lazarus, Daddy and Electra on Azalea Path†¦show more content†¦As the child grows up society’s rules and restrictions prevent the child from acting the way it wants to act, from being truly free, these rules can also be called the ego. In essence primary narcissism is lack of separation: there is no line between what the child wants and what it can have, there is no line between the conscious and the unconscious, there is no separation between the child and the incestuous love object (mother or father). Thus, when an object is lost the desire to bring it back is also the desire to return to primary narcissism. The only other time we return to the true state of primary narcissism is through death. There are however, ways that can bring the subject and the object closer together, by blurring the separation. These methods include oral fixation, sadomasochism and regression, all of which are motifs in Plath’s poetry. The purpose of all of these mechanisms is to attempt to return to a state of primary narcissism and therefore to reunite with the incestuous love object. The first important motif in Plath’s poetry is the focus on the mouth or the oral. The oral stage is the first stage of psychoanalytic development where the infant receives gratification from stimulation to the mouth. The first source of gratification is the breast; in the beginning the infant can have the breast whenever they want, there is no separation between the infant